How are circuit conductors identified according to the NEC?

Circuit conductors are identified according to the NEC (National Electrical Code) primarily through color coding or labeling. This method of identification is important for safety and compliance. Color coding allows for quick visual recognition of purpose and current-carrying capabilities of different conductors. For instance, specific colors are designated for grounding (green, bare), neutrals (white or gray), and different phases in three-phase systems (black, red, blue). Labeling further supports identification, particularly in complex installations or where specific functions may not be immediately obvious based on color alone.

Using color coding and labeling helps electricians and maintenance personnel quickly and accurately identify conductors, reducing the risk of errors during installation and maintenance. This practice ultimately enhances safety and ensures compliance with electrical codes and standards. Other methods such as representing conductors by their manufacturer, gauge, or installation date do not serve as effective identification methods in the context of safety and code compliance.